Dynamic thermography involves applying thermal stress (cold or heat) to the skin, with the recorded thermal response reflecting the tissue’s reaction to restore baseline conditions. This technique has significantly advanced the understanding of the complex mechanisms of thermoregulation, allowing to provide more detailed physiological information about peripheral vascularization capacity and heat transfer from deeper tissues. Consequently, its applications have proven particularly relevant in medicine (for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of pathological conditions) and sports science (for performance enhancement, injury prevention and recovery optimization).