Soil erosion has made quite an impact on the agricultural industry because the nutrient can be lost along with the erosion. Moreover, those sediment can be carried away resulting in the blockage of the river, lake or even the dam. As such that it can lead to the reduction of the drainage capacity and eventually to the flood. Generally, there are 3 approaches to prevent the soil erosion; namely soil and water conservation with plant, soil and water conservation with mechanic and lastly, soil and water conservation with cultivation. It should be noted that such methods can only be reduced the damages causing by the soil erosion. The Soil and water conservation with plant can be implemented by cover cropping, crop rotation, contouring, strip cropping, and diversion terrace. In this study, a cover cropping was proposed as a solution to the soil erosion. The plant itself will act as a shield from the impact of the raindrop which would then prevent the detachment of the soil particle. Spanish Shawl and Amarillo Peanut were selected as the cover crop. Poorly graded sand (SP) was the soil sample in this study. Studies were performed on a mini-plot of the width of 0.2 m with 2 lengths of 1.6 and 2.4 m. Slopes of the plot were 5, 20, and 35°. There were 2 rainfall intensities of 63 and 117 mm/h applied onto the plot. All experiments were done on 3 soil conditions; without any cover cropping, with Spanish Shawl and with Amarillo Peanut as a cover crop. The soil erosion would be considered only as the interrill erosion. Results showed that there was 70 to 90% reduction of the soil erosion using cover cropping. Those two plants in this study can be easily obtained with relatively low-cost price. Their characteristics such as relatively deep roots, fast-growing, and low-maintenance are appealing as cover cropping. It is recommended to plant these crops in low-angle slope areas or any empty plots to prevent the soil erosion. Lastly, further analysis was performed to get a relationship of the interrill erosion. It was found that in case of no cover cropping and Amarillo Peanut; slope played the major role in soil erosion while the runoff rate had the least effect on the soil erosion. However, the runoff rate had most effect to the soil erosion and the rainfall intensity offered the opposite effect for Spanish Shawl.

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Impact of Crop Cover on Soil Erosion

  • Tustha Srivalai,
  • Siwawut Pattanasri,
  • Paitoon Jaikla,
  • Sunisa Smittakorn

摘要

Soil erosion has made quite an impact on the agricultural industry because the nutrient can be lost along with the erosion. Moreover, those sediment can be carried away resulting in the blockage of the river, lake or even the dam. As such that it can lead to the reduction of the drainage capacity and eventually to the flood. Generally, there are 3 approaches to prevent the soil erosion; namely soil and water conservation with plant, soil and water conservation with mechanic and lastly, soil and water conservation with cultivation. It should be noted that such methods can only be reduced the damages causing by the soil erosion. The Soil and water conservation with plant can be implemented by cover cropping, crop rotation, contouring, strip cropping, and diversion terrace. In this study, a cover cropping was proposed as a solution to the soil erosion. The plant itself will act as a shield from the impact of the raindrop which would then prevent the detachment of the soil particle. Spanish Shawl and Amarillo Peanut were selected as the cover crop. Poorly graded sand (SP) was the soil sample in this study. Studies were performed on a mini-plot of the width of 0.2 m with 2 lengths of 1.6 and 2.4 m. Slopes of the plot were 5, 20, and 35°. There were 2 rainfall intensities of 63 and 117 mm/h applied onto the plot. All experiments were done on 3 soil conditions; without any cover cropping, with Spanish Shawl and with Amarillo Peanut as a cover crop. The soil erosion would be considered only as the interrill erosion. Results showed that there was 70 to 90% reduction of the soil erosion using cover cropping. Those two plants in this study can be easily obtained with relatively low-cost price. Their characteristics such as relatively deep roots, fast-growing, and low-maintenance are appealing as cover cropping. It is recommended to plant these crops in low-angle slope areas or any empty plots to prevent the soil erosion. Lastly, further analysis was performed to get a relationship of the interrill erosion. It was found that in case of no cover cropping and Amarillo Peanut; slope played the major role in soil erosion while the runoff rate had the least effect on the soil erosion. However, the runoff rate had most effect to the soil erosion and the rainfall intensity offered the opposite effect for Spanish Shawl.