In the era of deep integration between intelligent technologies and education, chess robots are playing an increasingly important role as tools for smart education. Children, as key participants in the information age, are no longer competing solely on the functional aspects of products; the competition now extends to multiple dimensions, including emotional design, cognitive engagement, and interactive experiences. The emotional and cognitive design elements for children play a critical role in enhancing user satisfaction and brand loyalty. However, the design theories for children's chess robots remain underdeveloped, lacking comprehensive coverage of these essential factors. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the application of integrating CAPS theory and Kansei Engineering in the design of children's chess teaching robots, building upon existing theoretical frameworks. By analyzing the dynamic structure and operational logic of the personality system within CAPS theory, combined with the established theoretical framework of Kansei Engineering, this study proposes a design framework that is more attuned to the needs of child users. This framework provides a scientific foundation for designing children's chess teaching products, helping to optimize these products in terms of functionality, emotional appeal, and interactivity. As a result, the design of children's chess robots will increasingly emphasize personalization and intelligence.