Expert System and Direct Torque Control to Extend the Electric Braking at the End of Resistive Braking Mode
摘要
Regenerative braking and resistive braking are the two most frequent types of braking used for electric vehicles (EVs). These types of braking are used to slow down the EV and recharge the batteries. When the motor speed is greater than its base speed, the regenerative braking system is activated first, followed by the resistive braking system. To bring an electric vehicle to a halt, regenerative and resistive brakes can only be effective up to a specific motor speed, and they have to be replaced with a mechanical brake that uses a pad. Because of the excessive braking torque that is created, it is usual for traditional choppers to suffer a jolt at the conclusion of resistive braking. This is because resistive braking generates a lot of force. Applying early mechanical brake intervention before the resistive braking enters this stage is the recommended strategy for overcoming this high torque using the traditional way. This results in the pad brakes wearing down faster than normal and a loss of the electrical energy that was created, which might have been utilized to charge the auxiliary batteries. This work discusses the use of an expert system in conjunction with the direct torque control approach to prolong the electrical braking action at the conclusion of the resistive braking mode of a new four quadrants DC chopper. This approach is useful for rectifying a shorter resistive braking duration and excessive torque at the conclusion of the resistive braking mode in DC drive electric cars, which can be efficiently done with this method. The excess torque at the end of the electrical brake issue can be solved, according to the simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink, which demonstrate that the expert system associated with direct torque control can do so.