At the end of twenty-first century climate change is a significant factor and one of the drivers of biodiversity change. Climate change has appeared as one of the most pressing worldwide challenge, intensely impacting different characteristics of our natural ecosystem. Among the impacts possessed by climate change on ecological concerns biodiversity loss and change in pattern of biodiversity gathered noteworthy attention from environmentalist, conservationists, scientists, and policymakers alike. Nowadays global warming is already disturbing ecosystem and species around the world, predominantly the most susceptible ecosystems like polar, coral reefs, and mountains ecosystems. Furthermore, climate change has also altered different ecosystem services on which people’s livelihoods depend, like soil fertility and rainfall which are vital to agricultural production. Besides, dropping greenhouse gas productions is imperious to mitigate the extent of climate change and its impacts on biodiversity. Interdisciplinary research by uniting ecology, climatology and conservation biology is indispensable to address the interactions between climate change and biodiversity. Long-term monitoring, robust modelling, and adaptive management practices will be key to enhancing the resilience of ecosystems and preserving biodiversity. By using traditional knowledge and engaging local in conservation strategies in ecosystem conservation will protect biodiversity. This chapter highlights the urgent need of action to adapt and mitigate to climate change to protect biodiversity on land.