Several hydroxybenzenes also indicated as phenolic compounds are indicated as HPHCs by the FDA in the US. Methods for the analysis of these compounds are described in this chapter. However, in addition to the HPHC-listed hydroxybenzenes, cigarette smoke also contains a number of other hydroxybenzenes and their analysis can be performed using certain methods also described. In addition, analysis of hydroxybenzenes in tobacco products, in the aerosols of e-cigarettes and as well as in the environment were discussed in this chapter.