This chapter argues for an understanding of social cognition as foundational to core theoretical and empirical questions in sociology. To make this argument, we review key social cognition concepts and illustrate how they are being used in the field. We then provide a framework for three dimensions of the micro-, meso-, and macro-levels of analysis that help to integrate social cognition into various areas of sociological inquiry. We suggest that sociologists incorporate empirically supported models of social cognition from other fields in order to build research agendas that consider the context-dependent nature of cognition.