Macrocognition in Simulation Based Training: A Practical Application of Learning Engineering in a Complex Training Environment
摘要
Macrocognition encompasses a set of higher-order cognitive functions, including situation awareness, decision making, problem-solving, and teamwork coordination, which are crucial in dynamic work environments. In maritime pipefitting, these functions are necessary to navigate spatial challenges, interpret intricate blueprints, and execute precise measurements. However, traditional training methods often lack an emphasis on these skills, instead focusing on rote memorization and procedural knowledge. This paper utilizes a learning engineering approach, as defined by the Learning Engineering Toolkit, to develop a technology-driven solution that integrates macrocognitive principles into training design across multidisciplinary domains, aiming to improve trainee competencies in cognitively demanding tasks. The concept of macrocognition in cognitive science and human factors research has long been associated with the study of expertise in complex domains. This practical application draws on macrocognitive models to inform the design of simulation-based learning environments, aligning with research that emphasizes the need to integrate cognitive science in instructional system design. By incorporating technology-enhanced learning tools, this approach targets the cognitive and metacognitive processes essential for learning complex tasks in skilled trades.