In this chapter I propose and support a view about the relationship between psychiatric science and activist movements such as the NeurodiversityNeurodiversity Movement, which I call “hermeneutical pluralismPluralism.” Using the moral imaginationMoral imaginations framework from Science and Moral Imagination (Brown, Science and Moral Imagination: A New Ideal for Values in Science, University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 2020)Brown, M., I explore a contemporary case study in psychiatric science: the controversy over the Spectrum 10K genetic study on AutismAutism. Through the application of this framework to a case involving significant interplay between psychiatric science and the NeurodiversityNeurodiversity Movement, I draw out some lessons about how these knowledge systems might relate to each other in a productive manner. Ultimately, I argue that this case illustrates the attractiveness of my hermeneutical pluralism view: the NeurodiversityNeurodiversity Movement (and other movements like it) ought to be maintained as knowledge systems that are independent of psychiatric science, even as these movements and psychiatric science ought to foster some form of engagement with one another.