Emerging Trend of Nanotechnology: Applications, Mode of Action, and Challenges
摘要
Aquaculture is becoming the fastest-growing industry globally, which provides the highest quality of animal protein to human beings. The sector fulfilled a massive demand for animal protein requirements of the world’s growing population. Although it is widely involved in increasing the world’s fish production, however, disease prevalence and environmental contamination are thought to be the key issues facing this industry right now. To effectively address these issues, new technological approaches have been developed, and nanotechnology is one among them. It is a new and innovative tool with a wide range of applications in aquaculture and its related products. Recently, several approaches based on nanotechnology are used to boost the productivity, effectiveness, and sustainability of aquaculture. Nanotechnology is becoming a cutting-edge tool for managing fish health, genetics, and breeding; wastewater management; and other related components of aquaculture. Since aquaculture relies heavily on fish feed formulations and balanced nutrients based on specific requirements, both of which can be improved by the intervention of nanotechnology. It has been demonstrated through numerous studies that nanoparticles increase the availability of micronutrients, thereby contributing to improved feed quality. It has been further suggested that growth, feed conversion ratio, percentage weight gain, and immune response of fish can be improved through the appropriate use of nanoparticles in feed. Also, the distribution of vaccines and other innovative medication management strategies can ensure that farmed fish are protected against disease-causing organisms in a civilized manner. Comprehensive research is still needed to fully understand how nanotechnology can be applied in the aquaculture industry. There are certain drawbacks, but these can be overcome by learning more about the effects of nanoparticles on fish health. The current chapter sought to offer thorough insights about the creative and flexible use of nanoparticles for the development of aquaculture feed, along with its numerous potential applications in the future as well.