The situation in progress of megaprojects must consider many diffused changes in the socio-economic context, most of them not favorable to a successful conclusion of works. The more extensive changing is regarding the geo political dimension and the increasing of the role, in GDP and Research, of BRICS and Arab Countries that, by the way, are interested by a growing rate of Mega Projects in progress, submission or only as proposals. In this challenging context it is increasing the variety of answers from project management conducting to a widespread eclecticism with different and sometimes less coherent tools of intervention. This led, according to a model of analysis yet applied in past century on politics and economics by Antonio Gramsci and Federico Caffè with their critics, to eclecticism and unrealistic or wishful decisions. As the difficulties of project management in last decades the paper examines if this model can be applied also to Project Management and if it is fruitful to reduce, in the evaluation of mega projects, unrealistic and inappropriate decision making.