Gas Manifestations in the Crimean Part of the Black Sea
摘要
Several areas of development of gas flares in the Crimean sector of the Black Sea are identified and brief geological and geomorphological characteristics are given. For the Paleo-Kalanchak and Dnieper-Dnestrovskiy regions, which are the richest in manifestations, an atlas of gas flares is given, which practically reflects all types and varieties of seeps known in the Black Sea. Gas flares confined to the Mountainous Crimean part of the shelf and continental slope are relatively rare. Among the discovered gas displays, gas domes found at depths of 1500–1700 m stand out. They are associated with the zone of influence of the Lomonosov fault. The Lomonosov underwater massif covers the southwestern part of the underwater continuation of the orogenic structures of the Crimean Mountains, extending in the sublatitudinal direction. The gas manifestations of the Kerch-Taman zone, which covers the southern part of the Kerch-Taman trough and is located at the junction of the geological structures of the Crimean Mountains and the Greater Caucasus, are considered. Almost the entire water area of the northeastern part of the Black Sea is occupied by a zone of powerful buried layers of accumulative alluvial fans of large paleorivers—the Don and Kuban. Here, 117 gas flares were installed, confined to local uplifts and inflections of the relief on a strip about 8–10 miles wide, stretched from west to east. In most cases, gas jets are low-power, their height does not exceed 100–130 m, more often 50–70 m. Only individual gas jets reach a height of 200 m, and sometimes there are powerful gas torches with a height of more than 300 m. Most of the studied plumes (from 52 to 61%) are localized at depths up to 300 m. Less than 1% are found at depths greater than 1000 m.