With the increasing aging of the global population, the application of assistive robots in older adult care is receiving growing attention. This study used bibliometric analysis to review the research status of assistive robots in older adult care. The findings reveal that assistive robots focus on daily life assistance, human-robot interaction, mental health support, cognitive and rehabilitation training, user experience and acceptance, robot materials, artificial intelligence applications, and ethical issues. Although technological advancements have driven the development of this field, challenges remain in optimizing interactive experiences, emotional intelligence, contextual agility, adapting to personalized needs, establishing ethical frameworks, and implementing practical applications. Future research should develop systematic solutions from an interdisciplinary perspective to enhance the usability and acceptance of assistive robots, thereby providing more intelligent and personalized nursing support for older adults. This study provides a knowledge framework for academic research and important references for practical application.