Sustainable Mobility: Electric Vehicle with Hybrid Energy Batteries of Human Propulsion and Solar
摘要
This study presents the design, construction, and evaluation of an urban electric vehicle prototype powered by hybrid energy sources: photovoltaic solar panels and human propulsion. Its primary goal is to provide a sustainable solution for public transportation while significantly reducing CO2 emissions from traditional internal combustion vehicles. In Peru, public transport accounts for over 35% of CO2 emissions. The vehicle features a propulsion system driven by a 10 kW synchronous electric motor, powered by a 48 V, 960 Wh battery, supplemented by energy generated through dynamic pedals and a high-efficiency solar panel. It offers an electric range of 2 h at a constant speed of 40 km/h on flat urban roads, with a regenerative braking system that enhances energy efficiency during deceleration. This innovative methodological approach integrates clean technologies with a lightweight, aerodynamic design, meeting international standards like ISO 26262 and Peruvian mobility legislation (D.S. No. 058–2003-MTC). The results highlight significant advancements in sustainability, energy efficiency, and emission reduction. This prototype stands out as a viable alternative to mitigate the environmental impact of urban transportation and promote sustainable mobility in emerging cities.