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This chapter explores two bias-based techniques for assessing defocus in an optical beam: the Modal Wavefront Sensor and the Astigmatic Defocus Sensor. Both methods rely on measuring intensity differences in the focal plane of a converging lens, providing a direct measure of defocus strength. These techniques are effective, simple, and easy to implement experimentally. This chapter presents the underlying principles, along with a detailed theoretical discussion and simulation results for both sensors.

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A Theoretical Study on Two of the Bias-Based Methods of Optical Beam Defocus Measurement Involving Zernike Modes

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Santanu Konwar,
  • Nagendra Kumar,
  • Karuna Sindhu Malik,
  • S. S. Goutam Buddha

摘要

This chapter explores two bias-based techniques for assessing defocus in an optical beam: the Modal Wavefront Sensor and the Astigmatic Defocus Sensor. Both methods rely on measuring intensity differences in the focal plane of a converging lens, providing a direct measure of defocus strength. These techniques are effective, simple, and easy to implement experimentally. This chapter presents the underlying principles, along with a detailed theoretical discussion and simulation results for both sensors.