The ability to innovate plays a key role in the modern economy, since the development of innovative activities and increasing the efficiency of innovation systems in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have a significant impact on the socio-economic development of the country, and therefore is one of the priority areas of state policy in the field of sustainable development of the national economy. Innovative projects contribute to the creation and promotion of new technologies at all stages of the economic process and thus determine the economic growth of the state. The constituent entities of the Russian Federation differ in geographical location, available natural, material and labor resources, and therefore, in order to adequately assess the country’s innovative potential and develop scientifically sound management decisions to stimulate innovative activity, taking into account the characteristics of individual entities, it is necessary to pay close attention to the analysis of regional differentiation in the level of innovative development. The level of innovative development is an integral indicator reflecting many aspects and features of the conditions for the technological development of a territory. In this regard, the system of statistical indicators should be formed on the basis of groups of key indicators characterizing the positions of regions in terms of socio-economic conditions, scientific and technical potential, and the development of innovative activities.