The complex levator ani anatomy is perhaps best visualized with three-dimensional endovaginal ultrasonography. In this chapter, we will address the occurrence and variation of levator ani muscle injury after vaginal birth and investigate the role of 3D endovaginal ultrasound in identifying and quantifying the vaginal birth-related levator ani muscle trauma.

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3D Endovaginal Ultrasound Imaging of Levator Ani Trauma

  • S. Abbas Shobeiri

摘要

The complex levator ani anatomy is perhaps best visualized with three-dimensional endovaginal ultrasonography. In this chapter, we will address the occurrence and variation of levator ani muscle injury after vaginal birth and investigate the role of 3D endovaginal ultrasound in identifying and quantifying the vaginal birth-related levator ani muscle trauma.