Civic Engagement Frameworks for Public Policy Making
摘要
In this chapter, we search for civic engagement frameworks in extant literature concerning the design of public policies and the provision of public service for various contexts. As any public service domain is either partially or not feasible, considering the yielded citizen input, we aim to present and describe some respective civic engagement frameworks where citizens and all other relevant stakeholders can provide the government with constructive feedback, insight, or input into public policy formations. For this very purpose, we aim to discuss the repercussions of the research question of whether and how citizens are involved in public matters as a part of the whole through examined civic engagement formations. In the end, citizen engagement is elaborated throughout this chapter as a distinctive construction of participation on a personal basis rather than being a constituent of organized participation of the public at large. After introducing the scope and subject of the chapter, we provide a detailed conceptual and theoretical background on civic engagement. Afterward, we present the details of some applied cases or methods of civic engagement worldwide. Finally, we draw conclusions with the notion by interlinking the arguments for a novel descriptive approach for putting the citizens at the center of public policy making.