This chapter explores the principles of behaviourism and their application to language learning. Behaviourism focuses on observable behaviours, emphasizing conditioning, stimulus-response associations, and reinforcement to shape learning. Key strategies include positive reinforcement, clear instruction, modelling, and repetition, which are particularly effective for young and beginner learners. The chapter discusses practical classroom applications, such as using rewards to motivate students, designing structured materials, and providing immediate feedback. It also highlights the limitations of behaviourism, including its inability to account for cognitive processes and its over-reliance on mechanical repetition. The chapter critically engages with behaviourism by considering factors like age, proficiency level, and learning goals, suggesting a balanced approach that integrates behaviourist techniques with cognitive and sociocultural methods. Recommendations include combining structured practice with interactive, meaningful tasks to foster deeper language mastery. Overall, the chapter underscores the importance of adapting teaching strategies to meet diverse learner needs while leveraging the strengths of behaviourism.