Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is defined as recurrent episodes of partial (hypopnea) or complete (apnea) airway collapse during sleep that is frequently accompanied by a drop in oxygen saturation (hypoxemia) and/or an arousal from sleep. The disruption in ventilation and sleep patterns that result from having OSA has been linked to variety of negative consequences including poor mood and quality of life, impaired neurocognitive function, poor academic performance, and derangements in cardiometabolic function. These potential outcomes underscore the need for early identification and treatment of pediatric OSA. However, a number of differences exist with regard to presentation, diagnosis, and management of OSA in children as compared to adults. An understanding of these differences will enable clinicians to better identify and treat OSA in children.