A large amount of cutting fluid waste was generated during the mechanical processing of metal and non-metal material parts, which increased the cost of cutting fluid waste treatment and part manufacturing. This work studied the cutting fluid waste treatment method mainly based on low-temperature evaporation of cutting fluid waste and filtration method of distilled water. A cutting fluid waste treatment system with a water production rate of 200 L/h and a reuse rate of 90% was constructed. After the cutting fluid waste was treated by the system, the distilled water obtained satisfied the requirements for direct emission and reusing, significantly reducing the cost of cutting fluid waste treatment for manufacturing enterprises. In detail, the conductivity, turbidity, COD value, total ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, and microbial content of distilled water significantly decreased, with a decline rate of 99.5%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 99.8%, 98.8%, 99.9%, and 99.9%, respectively. The pH value of distilled water decreased obviously, which was very close to the pH value of pure water at room temperature and normal pressure. This work provides a strong theoretical and technical support for the construction of green manufacturing capability.