Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD) are movement-related conditions that can significantly disrupt sleep. RLS causes an uncomfortable, often irresistible urge to move the legs at rest—typically in the evening before bed—and is relieved usually only by movement. It produces clinically significant symptoms in at least 2–3% of adults and up to 1% of children. RLS is often linked to low iron levels and dopamine system dysfunction, which is why iron supplements help many patients. PLMD occurs during sleep, and manifests as involuntary leg movements every 20–40 s, with about 80% of RLS patients also experiencing PLMD. While lifestyle changes and addressing underlying causes can help mild cases, medications that target dopamine or nerve pain are often needed for more severe symptoms. Both conditions can take a toll on daily life—causing sleep disruption, difficulty traveling, and even relationship strain when partners can’t share a bed.