This chapter demarcates the flood-affected areas and drought-prone areas of the Damodar Fan Delta. For this purpose, recurrent flood events are analysed and the extension of flood inundation area is demarcated using geospatial datasets. The drought condition is analysed using the meteorological (standardized precipitation index), soil moisture (moisture adequacy index), vegetation health (vegetation condition index), and hydrological indicators in long-term durations. The result depicts that flood inundation area was mainly found in the lower part of the study area, while drought conditions prevail in the upper part of the basin. Moreover, there are seasonal variations in the flood and drought conditions. This indicates the spatial and seasonal vagaries of the surface and ground water that need critical attention.