This study documented traditional ethnobotanical knowledge from Gurvanbulag, Bulgan Province, Mongolia. According to interviews with 106 informants, 56 plants from 27 families were reported to be used by local people. The dominant families were Poaceae (8), Asteraceae (6), Fabaceae (6), Amaryllidaceae (5), Rosaceae (5), and Ericaceae (3). Most of the documented species were herbs (76.8%), followed by shrubs (19.6%) and trees (3.6%). The majority of species (39) were used as fodder for livestock; 29 species were reported for healthcare use; and 21 species were used as food or beverages. Four plants were used to treat livestock disease. Some plants were used as firewood, tools, air refresheners, decoration, beliefs, etc. It is interesting to note that a few species are indicators of local weather conditions, pasture growth conditions, or certain diseases. It is important to document and revitalize the traditional knowledge of the nomadic people for the sustainability of the steppes and the people who rely on this ecosystem.