This chapter focuses on the role that a psychological sense of belonging, or the lack thereof, plays in academic medicine and how mentors and educators can foster a greater sense of belonging for trainees as well as the broader communities of academic medicine. By examining the conceptual and empirical basis for this concept, the authors make the case for the importance of belonging as a protective factor for mental health and well-being and a marker of positive academic and professional outcomes. In reflecting on the history of inequality and bias experienced by women and people of color in academic medicine, and drawing on peer-reviewed publications in social psychology and educational policy realms, the authors offer a series of practical interventions across the social-ecological spectrum for cultivating belonging within academic medicine.