Agriculture remains a foundation of Nepal’s economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. Despite its significance, the sector faces persistent challenges, including outdated governance, weak institutional frameworks, and a lack of skilled human capital. This study highlights the need for institutional reforms and youth empowerment as key drivers of agricultural transformation in Nepal. Proposed reforms focus on strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing transparency, and fostering collaboration among government bodies, research institutions, and private stakeholders. Empowering youth through targeted education, technical training, and mentorship is critical for fostering innovation and introducing modern practices to the sector. The study outlines considerations for preparation of a strategic roadmap emphasizing institutional governance, policy modernization, market accessibility, and digitalization to create a resilient, sustainable, and profitable agricultural ecosystem in Nepal. Nepal can unlock its agricultural potential by integrating these priorities to foster both economic growth and environmental sustainability.