Training Effective and Efficient Shapers
摘要
Shaping behavior is a fundamental process within the field of behavior analysis and one that has well-established current and historical uses in clinical practice. Shaping uses differential reinforcement of successive approximations to change an organism’s behavior toward a specified target. While the utility of shaping as a practice is high, there is a relative paucity of research in the field of behavior analysis related to training effective shaping skills to staff in clinical settings. As effective shaping requires interventionists to demonstrate strong clinical judgment skills, training should emphasize teaching to understanding fundamental processes of stimulus control and reinforcement, in-the-moment decision-making, and responsivity to clients. This chapter will provide a review of current literature on shaping strategies for staff training in shaping and suggest future directions for research on training shaping behaviors. Finally, a review of some common criticisms related to the use of shaping as a behavior change mechanism in clinical practice will be addressed.