With the rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), its role in cybersecurity has become increasingly significant. AI is a double-edged sword, empowering both defenders and attackers in the evolving threat landscape. This chapter explores the general framework of AI in security, emphasizing its applications in threat detection, network security, malware analysis, and fraud prevention. It highlights the challenges of building a universal AI security framework, addressing issues such as data scarcity, model adaptability, and the need for explainability. Additionally, it examines AI-driven cyberattacks, including adversarial attacks, AI-powered malware, and social engineering threats, while also showcasing AI-driven security solutions in network security, software security, cloud security, and IoT/OT security. By understanding AI’s dual role in cybersecurity, this chapter provides insights into developing adaptive, intelligent, and scalable security strategies to combat emerging cyber threats.