This chapter explores the application of mindfulness meditation in addressing addiction, integrating perspectives from early Buddhist texts and contemporary psychological literature. It delves into the psychological roots of suffering, particularly craving, identified as the primary cause of suffering and a central element in addictive behaviors. The chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the Buddhist concept of ‘dependent origination’ and its parallels with modern addiction models, emphasizing the transformative potential of mindfulness in altering the habitual cycle of craving and action. It examines neurobiological mechanisms underpinning mindfulness, discussing how neuroimaging studies reveal changes in brain activity and connectivity, particularly in the default mode network, associated with mindfulness practice. This chapter aims to contribute to understanding addiction’s psychological and neurobiological aspects and suggests how mindfulness may work as an intervention in addiction treatment, highlighting its unique ability to decouple craving from addictive behaviors and dismantle the self-perpetuating cycle of addiction.