Connectivity and Sensing at the Core of Smart Tourism Destinations (STD): A Qualitative Research Applied to the Case of Morocco
摘要
This study investigates the critical dimensions of connectivity and sensing within the framework of transforming Morocco into a smart tourism destination (STD). It addresses the significant gap in understanding and applying smart tourism concepts in emerging markets like Morocco by adapting the INVAT-TUR index, originally designed for European destinations, to the Moroccan context. The research focuses on the essential roles of reliable internet connectivity and advanced technological integration in enhancing tourism experiences. Using a qualitative methodology, this research involved semi-structured interviews with 36 key stakeholders, including public authorities, private sector professionals, and tourists. This diverse sample provided comprehensive insights into the current state and potential for smart tourism in Morocco. The findings underscore the critical importance of robust digital infrastructure, particularly internet connectivity and network coverage, recognized by all stakeholder groups as fundamental to smart tourism development. A notable gap identified in the study is the implementation of sensor technologies, which are essential for data-driven decision-making and efficient resource management. Despite their potential, sensors currently receive less emphasis, indicating an area for significant future improvement. The research also highlights disparities in the priorities of different stakeholders, with tourists placing higher importance on connected tools and seamless digital experiences compared to public and private sector stakeholders. Theoretically, this study expands the application of the INVAT-TUR framework beyond its European origins, offering valuable insights into its adaptability to different contexts. It advocates for a multidimensional approach to smart tourism research, emphasizing the integration of various interconnected dimensions to fully understand and address the complexities involved. From a managerial perspective, the findings provide actionable recommendations for stakeholders in Morocco's tourism sector. Public authorities are urged to prioritize the development of digital infrastructure, while private sector professionals should focus on integrating advanced technologies to meet evolving tourist demands. The study emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to align priorities and address the disparities in emphasis on connectivity and sensing. Future studies should explore other critical dimensions of smart tourism, such as governance, sustainability, and cultural integration, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the pathways for transforming traditional destinations into fully integrated smart tourism destinations.