This chapter is dedicated to the acoustics of the running ball mill sound which has been analysed in order to predict the empty and loaded condition of the running ball mill. Here, the understanding of the working ball mill based on acoustic has been discussed that is used to interpret the characteristic of particle breakage phenomena. During the grinding operation, the acoustics of the running ball mill loaded with raw materials having different particle size distribution and empty conditions are captured using sensors. The continuous acoustics produce voluminous data which is difficult to analyse manually in real-time scenarios. Data preparation techniques for real time analysis of data to derive different states of running conditions of the ball mill are discussed in this chapter. Simulation results obtained through empirical modelling of the acoustic signals are compared with experimental states in order to fine tune the parameters of the model. Finally, the model is designed to identify different running status (empty or loaded) of the ball mill.