In this chapter it is related that after the council of 879/880, the emperor increasingly relied upon the patriarch, even in public and civic affairs, and that the impact of the Patriarch Photius on state policy was greater than the impact of the emperor on church policy, and that it is particularly evident in the emperor’s great enterprise of the purification of the old law. It is also argued that in these years what is usually labelled “the Second Schism of Photius” was actually joined attack of the Byzantine emperor and patriarch against the Church of the Old Rome for canonical trespasses regarding the election and enthronement of Pope Marinus I in 882.