Human capital is a key strategic asset that drives a company’s competitiveness. To use it effectively, it is essential to identify available reserves and evaluate their readiness for quick deployment to meet both immediate and long-term objectives. This study proposes an approach for assessing and classifying Reserves for the Mobilization of Human Capital (RMHC). The article offers a new perspective on evaluating human capital by emphasizing its mobilization potential and laying the groundwork for further development of management strategies that enhance organizational resilience in dynamic environments. The assessment methodology includes parameters such as personnel qualifications, readiness to take on new tasks, replaceability, and training time. To validate the proposed approach, preliminary simulation modeling was conducted using the grid search method to explore all possible parameter combinations. This simulation underpinned sensitivity analysis and facilitated the clustering of human capital mobilization patterns, leading to the identification of various levels of mobilization reserves. At a practical level, RMHC serves as a valuable tool for monitoring the readiness of human capital reserves, forecasting workforce needs, and optimizing resource utilization across different organizational and industrial contexts. This approach, introduced for academic discussion, contributes to the theoretical advancement of human capital management by expanding the understanding of its evaluation potential. The research findings can be applied to strategic planning, the development of human resource management programs, and the refinement of personnel policies.