The book chapter analyses the term discourse and discourse analysis with reference to Foucault and other critics. The book chapter argues that discourse analysis, as employed by Foucault, concentrated on analysing power relationships in society, as expressed through language and social practices. The book chapter examines discourse, discourse analysis, and the use of genealogy, where Foucault attempted to trace the beginnings of internalised moral behaviour, or a reflexive relation to the self in human beings. Examples are presented of various approaches to discourse analysis, including deconstruction and preferred reading and interpretation of the text. The book chapter concludes with the evaluation of the use of critical discourse analysis in students’ engagement in the classroom.