LEL conjure up the endangerment of biological species. One of the first things to note is that languages also die like species, gradually, one idiolect/organism at time, as a consequence of changes in their ecosystems. This interpretation is consistent with the saying “the ecology rolls the dice in evolution.” Like for viruses, the lives of languages depend on the dispositions and activities of their hosts (the most direct ecology), who can let them die, especially if they want to survive adversities. An important difference is that languages are the kinds of symbionts that are also beneficial to their speakers/signers. When we learn languages, like other technologies, we also bring them in competition with others, which we may find (more) beneficial under specific social ecosystemic changes. An important question is why some populations shift to alternatives while others can accumulate languages and develop a division of labor between them according to specific domains in which they are used. The following questions, among others, are addressed: How does language shift occur? Do LEL entail culture loss? What to make of cases where people modify their cultures but without giving up their languages? And do practitioners of the prevailing language maintain their culture intact?