There is significant potential for the application of nanotechnology to improve weed management. Nano-agrochemicals can act as fertilizers, pesticides, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Among nano-enabled pesticides, nanoherbicides offer desirable characteristics, including targeted delivery, chemical stability, controlled release, enhanced bioavailability and solubility, and reduced sorption and decomposition losses. These benefits can be realized through nanoformulations and nanocarriers, for example, the use of nanomaterials in formulations may significantly alter the environmental fate and effectiveness of active ingredients. The use of nanotechnology in herbicide formulations should be approached cautiously because of the potential alteration of risk to nontarget organisms. Therefore, a critical analysis of factors influencing the interaction of plants with nanoparticles, the fate of herbicides in the environment, and strategies for ecological risk assessment of nanoherbicides is warranted.