2-phenylethanol (2-PE), an aromatic alcohol with rose-like fragrance used in flavor and fragrance industry. Customers preference for natural aroma components drives up the manufacturing demand for 2-PE due to concerns regarding the generation of unwanted byproducts during chemical synthesis. A high yield of 2-PE is naturally produced by many microorganisms. Three significant pathways are involved in the synthesis of 2-PE in microorganisms, namely, Ehrlich, shikimate, and Phenylethylamine pathway. Additionally, the generation of high-performance microbial strains for the effective synthesis of natural and synthetic chemicals from renewable biomass has been made possible by metabolic engineering. In the past 30 years, numerous metabolically modified microbes have been developed for the organic synthesis of aromatic compounds, like 2-PE. This chapter highlights the microbial production of 2-PE, explores the metabolic engineering techniques used to increase the bioproduction of 2-PE in microorganisms, discusses existing issues, and suggests future developments.