This chapter highlights the importance and agency of animals in ancient long-distance networks, discussing how they took on roles as producers, commodities, travelers and transporters. Starting with the silkworm it discusses practicalities of silk production and harvesting of wild silk, and how domestic production in ancient China influenced gender roles and wealth distribution. Finished products traveled with nomads and traders across Central Asia and the Indian Ocean and were exchanged as markers of status and wealth across the Afro-Eurasian world. A brief overview of trade in live animals and animal products is followed by a discussion of trade in horses and mules in the Indian Ocean and of the unintended mobility of the black rat, which spread along the ancient Afro-Eurasian trade networks. The chapter ends with a consideration of the complementary role of different transport animals, from donkeys and mules to Bactrian camels and dromedaries.