Fred Turner’s From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network, and the Rise of Digital Utopianism presents a vital pre-history to the invention of AI and the political culture that made artificial intelligence possible and shaped its conception. As we shall see, the people who have developed and marketed new computer technologies have often been driven by a libertarian ideology bent on combining capitalism, technology, and utopian desires. Interestingly, many of these Right-wing ideologues see themselves as being classic liberals and even at times socialists, but the reality is that they cater to a worldview where exchange value triumphs over any other values. In fact, one way of thinking about AI is to see it as the perfect tool for the addictive nature of consumer capitalism.