Quantum error control and mitigation techniques help improve how quantum computers handle errors, making algorithms run more efficiently despite noisy hardware. These strategies work at the software level and are built into programs before they run on quantum machines. Unlike quantum error correction, which actively detects and fixes errors during computation, error mitigation does not use real-time corrections but instead reduces the impact of errors after computations. Error mitigation can also help reduce the extra resources needed for full error correction. This chapter explains how these techniques relate to each other, provides an overview of key error mitigation methods and their limitations, and highlights leading academic and technological players in this field. It also covers current trends, such as integrating error-aware programming, benchmarking performance, and ensuring access to quantum hardware for testing. To advance quantum computing, it is recommended that research ecosystems support specialized centers and contribute to key strategic areas in the field.