The climate temperature in severe cold regions is characterized by low mean annual temperature and large difference between extreme temperatures. The severe climate conditions can cause the concrete dam’s body temperature field showing series of changes during construction and operation periods, which can result in apparent or penetrating cracks in the dam body. Then the monitoring data of some actual concrete dams are analyzed. The characteristics of spatial-temporal evolution in body temperature are significant. In space, different parts have different temperature boundary conditions of water, rock or air, which means different part temperature. In time, the body temperature has seasonal fluctuation and long-term trend evolution. So, the systematic control methods are proposed, including taking long-term surface insulation measures to block the thermal conduction from the external environment, proposing the stable target temperature field and appropriately extending the water cooling time of gravity dams, optimizing the arch sealing temperature of concrete arch dams, and so on. The research results have good guidance for the construction and operation of concrete dams in severe cold regions.