Safety assurance for the critical urban water infrastructure is related to the basic interests of the public as well as high-quality economic and social development. It is imperative to identify, analyze and assess any risks, issues and challenges which the critical urban water infrastructure is possibly exposed to in conjunction with the theories of hydro science and engineering risks and to develop appropriate strategies and recommendations regarding the risk prevention and control thereof. Findings from these efforts will be important initiatives for implementing the national safety development concept.