Cardiotoxicity of Gaseous Poisons
摘要
Cardiotoxicity resulting from gaseous pollutants can present diverse symptoms, contingent upon the gas kind, concentration, and exposure length. The issue is a major concern in medicine, especially in nations where air quality fails to meet legal standards and levels of gaseous pollutants exceed permissible limits. Common symptoms of cardiotoxicity due to gaseous poisons include chest pain, a sensation of pressure or tightness in the chest, palpitations, shortness of breath potentially accompanied by a feeling of suffocation, dizziness or lightheadedness resulting from diminished oxygen delivery to the brain, syncope, fatigue or weakness often attributable to reduced oxygen supply and cardiac function, nausea or vomiting, cyanosis, hypotension, and arrhythmias. Some well-known gaseous substances that are cardiotoxic include carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), chlorine (Cl), cyanide gas (HCN) etc. Interference with the oxigen transport could affect almost all tissues, while other four mechanisms, direct myocardial damage, electrophysiological alterations, inflammatory responses, and autonomic nervous system disruption could be hazardous, as well, and cause severe carditoxicity.