To clarify the method followed in Part I, this chapter opens by making a distinction between why-do-it and how-to-do-it questions for analysing technological developments. In relation to Internet Technology, why-do-it questions are foregrounded here; how-to-do-it solutions are discussed insofar as they illuminate why-do-it considerations. The chapter then moves on to a brief overview of the Cold War context in which Internet Technology initially developed. The bulk of the chapter addresses the why-do-it and therefore how-to-do-it moves involved in early computer networking and internetworking. Particular attention is given to steps in the development of the TCP/IP suite, mainly covering a period from the 1960s to the 1980s. The norm of minimal-gradual-mechanical standardization is inferred from those moves or, more precisely, is found to be implicit in those moves. The implications of its being functionally taken as a first principle for the emerging Internet Polity in due course are considered.

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Internet Protocols and Minimal-Gradual-Mechanical Standardization

  • Suman Gupta

摘要

To clarify the method followed in Part I, this chapter opens by making a distinction between why-do-it and how-to-do-it questions for analysing technological developments. In relation to Internet Technology, why-do-it questions are foregrounded here; how-to-do-it solutions are discussed insofar as they illuminate why-do-it considerations. The chapter then moves on to a brief overview of the Cold War context in which Internet Technology initially developed. The bulk of the chapter addresses the why-do-it and therefore how-to-do-it moves involved in early computer networking and internetworking. Particular attention is given to steps in the development of the TCP/IP suite, mainly covering a period from the 1960s to the 1980s. The norm of minimal-gradual-mechanical standardization is inferred from those moves or, more precisely, is found to be implicit in those moves. The implications of its being functionally taken as a first principle for the emerging Internet Polity in due course are considered.