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Mangroves span 13,671,700 hectares across tropical and subtropical riverine and coastal zones, delivering significant environmental benefits. They act as protective buffers, shielding coastlines from storm surges, hurricanes, and tsunamis, providing an estimated annual value of $US 65 billion in property damage protection.

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Mangrove Restoration and Soil Characteristics in the Tampamachoco Lagoon Ramsar Site, Gulf of Mexico

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Nadia S. Santini,
  • Jorge López-Portillo

摘要

Mangroves span 13,671,700 hectares across tropical and subtropical riverine and coastal zones, delivering significant environmental benefits. They act as protective buffers, shielding coastlines from storm surges, hurricanes, and tsunamis, providing an estimated annual value of $US 65 billion in property damage protection.