Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
摘要
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD) connects one or more pulmonary veins to the right sided circulation, resulting in pulmonary overcirculation due to a L→R shunt. Patients might be asymptomatic, with the diagnosis being an incidental finding, depending on how many veins are involved. Late stage problems are right atrial dilatation causing arrhythmias and pulmonary hypertension with right ventricular failure due to persistent volume overload. Anaesthetic management depends on shunt volume and complications such as pulmonary hypertension or arrhythmias.