The textile industry is one of the earliest and continuously growing industry in human civilization. This is owned to the essentiality of the need of man for clothing and cultural recognition. In spite of the advancement in technology and the textile production processes, the indigenous dyeing and textile industry still finds relevance and application till date. However, the large volume of water required for the process leads to the generation of high volume of wastewater. In addition, the poor knowledge of the environmental implications of the indigenous dyeing and textile production process as well as the need for the treatment of the wastewater by the local practitioners are some of the challenges of the industry. This is the reason, in most cases, why the waste streams are indiscriminately discharged into the environment without treatment. This chapter provides a general overview of textile industry, emphasizing on the indigenous dyeing processes. It summarizes the characteristics of wastewater generated from these processes, human and environmental impact, and the plausible management techniques. The chapter concludes with a roadmap connecting all stakeholders towards implementing a sustainable wastewater management plan for indigenous dyeing and textile industries.