Black youth are disproportionately represented at every stage of the United States juvenile legal system (JLS), a phenomenon rooted in the history of colonialism, enslavement, and systemic racism. This chapter employs a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework to examine how legal and policy structures have historically criminalized and marginalized Black youth. First, we provide a historical overview of Black youth’s entanglement with the JLS since Reconstruction, highlighting the enduring impact of white supremacy in shaping legal institutions. Next, we analyze contemporary issues, such as the adultification of Black youth and the criminalization of Black students in schools, illustrating how racialized policies sustain systemic inequities. Finally, we discuss the role of forensic psychology in addressing these injustices and provide a call to action for psychologists to work toward dismantling the structures that perpetuate harm against Black youth. By integrating historical analysis with CRT, this chapter underscores the necessity of structural change to achieve justice for Black youth.