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IndonesiaIndonesia has long faced challenges with communicable diseasesDiseases such as Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis (TB), and Malaria, alongside the rising threat ofAir pollution air pollution-related diseases. These health issues were exacerbated during the COVID-19Pandemic pandemicCOVID-19 pandemic, disrupting prevention, diagnosis, and treatment programs. Pre-COVIDPre-Covid-19COVID-19, Indonesia recorded one of the highest rates of TB globally, with over 845,000 cases reported in 2019. Dengue fever remained endemic, peaking during the rainy season, with around 138,000 cases annually. Malaria, although largely controlled in certain regions, still impacted provinces in Eastern Indonesia like Papua, with a prevalence of 5.4 per 1000 people. Air pollution, particularly in urban areas like Jakarta, contributed significantly to respiratoryRespiratory diseasesDiseases, driven by vehicle emissions and industrial activities. The COVID-19 pandemicCOVID-19 pandemic posed further complications. Health servicesHealth services were redirected to manage the pandemicPandemic, leading to a decline in diagnosis and treatment for TB, with an estimated 30% reduction in detected TB cases during 2020. Malaria control programs were disrupted due to movement restrictions, affecting the distribution of bed nets and indoor residual spraying. The incidenceIncidence of dengue fever saw fluctuations, with initial reports of lower cases, possibly due to underreporting amidst the pandemicPandemic. Additionally, air quality in major cities temporarily improved during the early lockdownsLockdown, reducing pollution-related respiratoryRespiratory diseases. Post-COVIDPost-COVID-19-19COVID-19, the healthcareHealthcare system is gradually recovering, but the pandemic'sPandemic long-term impact is evident. TB programs are regaining momentum, although cases remain underreported. Dengue and Malaria control initiatives are being reactivated, yet public healthPublic health efforts are strained by resource allocation. Air pollutionAir pollution remains a significant public health issue, with pollution levels rebounding toPre-pandemic pre-pandemicPandemic levels as economic activities resume. ThePost-pandemic post-pandemicPandemic recovery requires integrated public health strategies to tackle these endemic diseasesDiseases alongside emerging global healthGlobal health threats.

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Re-emerging Diseases Post-pandemic COVID-19: Indonesia’s Responses and Resilience

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Budi Haryanto,
  • Hanifa M. Denny,
  • Ira Nurmala,
  • Rico J. Sitorus

摘要

IndonesiaIndonesia has long faced challenges with communicable diseasesDiseases such as Dengue Fever, Tuberculosis (TB), and Malaria, alongside the rising threat ofAir pollution air pollution-related diseases. These health issues were exacerbated during the COVID-19Pandemic pandemicCOVID-19 pandemic, disrupting prevention, diagnosis, and treatment programs. Pre-COVIDPre-Covid-19COVID-19, Indonesia recorded one of the highest rates of TB globally, with over 845,000 cases reported in 2019. Dengue fever remained endemic, peaking during the rainy season, with around 138,000 cases annually. Malaria, although largely controlled in certain regions, still impacted provinces in Eastern Indonesia like Papua, with a prevalence of 5.4 per 1000 people. Air pollution, particularly in urban areas like Jakarta, contributed significantly to respiratoryRespiratory diseasesDiseases, driven by vehicle emissions and industrial activities. The COVID-19 pandemicCOVID-19 pandemic posed further complications. Health servicesHealth services were redirected to manage the pandemicPandemic, leading to a decline in diagnosis and treatment for TB, with an estimated 30% reduction in detected TB cases during 2020. Malaria control programs were disrupted due to movement restrictions, affecting the distribution of bed nets and indoor residual spraying. The incidenceIncidence of dengue fever saw fluctuations, with initial reports of lower cases, possibly due to underreporting amidst the pandemicPandemic. Additionally, air quality in major cities temporarily improved during the early lockdownsLockdown, reducing pollution-related respiratoryRespiratory diseases. Post-COVIDPost-COVID-19-19COVID-19, the healthcareHealthcare system is gradually recovering, but the pandemic'sPandemic long-term impact is evident. TB programs are regaining momentum, although cases remain underreported. Dengue and Malaria control initiatives are being reactivated, yet public healthPublic health efforts are strained by resource allocation. Air pollutionAir pollution remains a significant public health issue, with pollution levels rebounding toPre-pandemic pre-pandemicPandemic levels as economic activities resume. ThePost-pandemic post-pandemicPandemic recovery requires integrated public health strategies to tackle these endemic diseasesDiseases alongside emerging global healthGlobal health threats.