Because infectious diseases transmission is complex and influenced by multiple factors, the dynamics of emerging and reemergingEmerging-reemerging diseasesDiseases is difficult to predict. This study investigates the pattern of dengue occurrence in TaiwanTaiwan by considering the relationship between disease dynamicsDisease dynamics and environmental elements. In Taiwan, the patterns of dengue outbreaks have changed over the past 120 years. First, I analyze dengue fever occurrences over the last century classified into three major periods to determine which factors potentially affect dengue outbreaks. Interestingly, changes in the patterns of dengue occurrences in TaiwanTaiwan coincided with changes in the form of governmentGovernment (i.e., from Japanese colonialism to Kuomintang authoritarian military rule to multiparty democracy). Subsequently, I compared the incidenceIncidence of dengue outbreaks before, during, and after the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemicPandemic in Taiwan. Moreover, meteorological factors associated with dengue transmission were examined in Tainan cityTainan city, one of the dengue hot spots in TaiwanTaiwan. Finally, I reviewed the current intervention policy for dengue outbreaks in Taiwan. The changes in the patterns of dengue incidenceDengue incidence in Taiwan reflect the interplay among different factors on multiple levels.